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超光速 7

光催化 3

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An industrial solution to light-induced degradation of crystalline silicon solar cells

Meng XIE,Changrui REN,Liming FU,Xiaodong QIU,Xuegong YU,Deren YANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 67-71 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0430-x

摘要： Boron-oxygen defects can cause serious light-induced degradation (LID) of commercial solar cells based on the boron-doped crystalline silicon (c-Si), which are formed under the injection of excess carriers induced either by illumination or applying forward bias. In this contribution, we have demonstrated that the passivation process of boron-oxygen defects can be induced by applying forward bias for a large quantity of solar cells, which is much more economic than light illumination. We have used this strategy to trigger the passivation process of batches of aluminum back surface field (Al-BSF) solar cells and passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC) solar cells. Both kinds of the treated solar cells show high stability in efficiency and suffer from very little LID under further illumination at room temperature. This technology is of significance for the suppression of LID of c-Si solar cells for the industrial manufacture.

关键词： Boron-oxygen defects     c-Si solar cells     light-induced degradation     passivation     forward bias    

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Light-induced variation in environmentally persistent free radicals and the generation of reactive radical

Yafang Shi, Yunchao Dai, Ziwen Liu, Xiaofeng Nie, Song Zhao, Chi Zhang, Hanzhong Jia

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1285-2

摘要： Abstract • Light irradiation increased the concentration of free radicals on HS. • The increased spin densities on HS readily returned back to the original value. • The “unstable” free radicals induced the formation of reactive radical species. • Reactive radicals’ concentration correlated strongly with EPFRs’ concentration. Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in humic substances play an essential role in soil geochemical processes. Light is known to induce EPFRs formation for dissolved organic matter in aquatic environments; however, the impacts of light irradiation on the variation of EPFRs in soil humic substances remain unclear. In this study, humic acid, fulvic acid, and humin were extracted from peat soil and then in situ irradiated using simulated sunlight. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy results showed that with the increasing irradiation time, the spin densities and g-factors of humic substances rapidly increased during the initial 20 min and then gradually reached a plateau. After irradiation for 2h, the maximum spin density levels were up to 1.63 × 1017, 2.06 × 1017, and 1.77 × 1017 spins/g for the humic acid, fulvic acid, and humin, respectively. And the superoxide radicals increased to 1.05 × 1014–1.46 × 1014 spins/g while the alkyl radicals increased to 0.47 × 1014–1.76 × 1014 spins/g. The light-induced EPFRs were relatively unstable and readily returned back to their original state under dark and oxic conditions. Significant positive correlations were observed between the concentrations of EPFRs and reactive radical species (R2 = 0.65–0.98, p<0.05), which suggested that the newly produced EPFRs contributed to the formation of reactive radical species. Our findings indicate that under the irradiation humic substances are likely to be more toxic and reactive in soil due to the formation of EPFRs.

关键词： Peat     Humic substances     Environmentally persistent free radicals     Light irradiation     Reactive radical species    

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Influence of construction-induced damage on the degradation of freeze–thawed lightweight cellular concrete

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 781-792 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0733-9

摘要： During the construction of lightweight cellular concrete (LCC), material damage frequently occurs, causing the degradation and deterioration of the mechanical performance, durability, and subgrade quality of LCC. The construction-induced damage can be more significant than those from the service environment of LCC, such as freeze–thaw (F–T) action in cold regions. However, the effect of construction-induced damage on LCC during F–T cycles is often ignored and the deterioration mechanisms are not yet clarified. In this study, we investigated the factors causing damage during construction using a sample preparation method established to simulate the damage in the laboratory setting. We conducted F–T cycle tests and microstructural characterization to study the effect of microstructural damage on the overall strength of LCC with different water contents under F–T actions. We established the relationship between the pore-area ratio and F–T cycle times, pore-area ratio, and strength, as well as the F–T cycle times and strength under different damage forms. The damage evolution is provided with the rationality of the damage equation, verified by comparing the measured and predicted damage variables. This study would serve as a guide for the construction and performance of LCC in cold regions.

关键词： lightweight cellular concrete     construction-induced damage     freeze-thaw action     microstructure     degradation mechanism    

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Bacterial inactivation, DNA damage, and faster ATP degradation induced by ultraviolet disinfection

Chao Yang, Wenjun Sun, Xiuwei Ao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1192-6

摘要： • Long amplicon is more effective to test DNA damage induced by UV. • ATP in bacteria does not degrade instantly but does eventually after UV exposure. • After medium pressure UV exposure, ATP degraded faster. The efficacy of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection has been validated in numerous studies by using culture-based methods. However, the discovery of viable but non-culturable bacteria has necessitated the investigation of UV disinfection based on bacterial viability parameters. We used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to investigate DNA damage and evaluated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to indicate bacterial viability. The results of qPCR effectively showed the DNA damage induced by UV when using longer gene amplicons, in that sufficiently long amplicons of both 16S and gadA indicated that the UV induced DNA damages. The copy concentrations of the long amplicons of 16S and gadA decreased by 2.38 log/mL and 1.88 log/mL, respectively, after exposure to 40 mJ/cm2 low-pressure UV. After UV exposure, the ATP level in the bacteria did not decrease instantly. Instead it decreased gradually at a rate that was positively related to the UV fluence. For low-pressure UV, this rate of decrease was slow, but for medium pressure UV, this rate of decrease was relatively high when the UV fluence reached 40 mJ/cm2. At the same UV fluence, the ATP level in the bacteria decreased at a faster rate after exposure to medium-pressure UV.

关键词： UV disinfection     DNA damage     qPCR     ATP    

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One-pot hydrothermal fabrication of BiVO/FeO/rGO composite photocatalyst for the simulated solar light-drivendegradation of Rhodamine B

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1470-y

摘要：

• BiVO4/Fe3O4/rGO has excellent photocatalytic activity under solar light radiation.

关键词： Photocatalysis     Ternary magnetic photocatalyst     Visible-light-driven     Free radicals trapping     Reusability     Recycling    

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可见光引发的3D 生物打印技术及其生物墨水材料在组织工程领域的研究进展 Review

郑子卓, David Eglin, Mauro Alini, Geoff R. Richards, 秦岭, 赖毓霄

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第7期   页码 966-978 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.05.021

摘要：

3D生物打印技术是一种基于传统3D打印技术发展起来的新兴技术。该技术可以把生物相容性材料、细胞或生物活性因子进行精准组装，为组织工程研究提供新方向。在众多3D生物打印技术中，光固化3D生物打印技术在组织工程研究领域发挥着重要作用，而光固化3D生物打印技术的成功应用又与生物材料的光固化特性不可分割。在可见光固化材料中，光交联水凝胶因聚合速度快、时间和结构可控的特点而极具研究价值和应用潜能。众所周知，光聚合反应通常由紫外线或可见光引发。然而，紫外线用于3D生物打印可能会造成细胞损伤，影响细胞的活力。而可见光在生物安全性方面具有独特的优势，所以，将可见光交联技术应用在3D生物打印领域极具应用前景。本文回顾了目前可应用的由可见光引发的3D生物打印技术，并对可见光交联生物墨水的交联机理、可见光引发剂类型和生物医学应用进行了介绍。本文最后对可见光引发的3D生物打印设备及水凝胶目前在生物医学领域应用中存在的挑战和前景进行了讨论。

关键词： 医用增材制造     生物墨水     组织工程     3D生物打印    

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ZnFe2O4/BiVO4 Z-scheme heterojunction for efficient visible-light photocatalyticdegradation of ciprofloxacin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第11期   页码 1728-1740 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2322-z

摘要： A novel Z-scheme ZnFe2O4/BiVO4 heterojunction photocatalyst was successfully synthesized using a convenient solvothermal method and applied in the visible light photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin, which is a typical antibiotic contaminant in wastewater. The heterostructure of as-synthesized catalysts was confirmed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterizations. Compared with the single-phase counterparts, ZnFe2O4/BiVO4 demonstrated considerably enhanced photogenerated charge separation efficiencies because of the Z-scheme transfer mechanism of electrons between the composite photocatalysts. Consequently, the 30% ZnFe2O4/BiVO4 catalyst afforded a degradation rate of up to 97% of 20 mg/L ciprofloxacin under 30 min of visible light irradiation with a total organic carbon removal rate of 50%, which is an excellent activity compared with ever reported BiVO4-based catalysts. In addition, the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantitative structure-activity relationships model analyses demonstrated that the toxicity of the intermediates was lower than that of the parent ciprofloxacin. Moreover, the as-synthesized ZnFe2O4/BiVO4 heterojunctions were quite stable and could be reused at least four times. This study thus provides a promising Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst for the efficient removal and detoxication of antibiotic pollutants from wastewater.

关键词： ZnFe2O4/BiVO4     Z-scheme heterojunction     photocatalytic degradation     ciprofloxacin    

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Degradation of Azo dye direct black BN based on adsorption and microwave-induced catalytic reaction

Shanshan Ding, Wen Huang, Shaogui Yang, Danjun Mao, Julong Yuan, Yuxuan Dai, Jijie Kong, Cheng Sun, Huan He, Shiyin Li, Limin Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-1003-x

摘要： The novel microwave catalyst MgFe O -SiC was synthesized via sol-gel method, to remove azo dye Direct Black BN (DB BN) through adsorption and microwave-induced catalytic reaction. Microwave-induced catalytic degradation of DB BN, including adsorption behavior and its influencing factors of DB BN on MgFe O -SiC were investigated. According to the obtained results, it indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetics model was suitable for the adsorption of DB BN onto MgFe O -SiC. Besides, the consequence of adsorption isotherm depicted that the adsorption of DB BN was in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm, which verified that the singer layer adsorption of MgFe O -SiC was dominant than the multi-layer one. The excellent adsorption capacities of MgFe O -SiC were kept in the range of initial pH from 3 to 7. In addition, it could be concluded that the degradation rate of DB BN decreased over ten percent after the adsorption equilibrium had been attained, and the results from the result of comparative experiments manifested that the adsorption process was not conducive to the process of microwave-induced catalytic degradation. The degradation intermediates and products of DB BN were identified and determined by GC-MS and LC-MS. Furthermore, combined with the catalytic mechanism of MgFe O -SiC, the proposed degradation pathways of DB BN were the involution of microwave-induced ·OH and holes in this catalytic system the breakage of azo bond, hydroxyl substitution, hydroxyl addition, nitration reaction, deamination reaction, desorbate reaction, dehydroxy group and ring-opening reaction.

关键词： Adsorption     Microwave-induced catalytic degradation     Direct black BN     Degradation pathway    

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Multi-Component Resource Recycling from Waste Light-Emitting Diode Under Hydrothermal Condition: PlasticPackage Degradation, Speciation of Nano-TiO2, and Environmental Impact Assessment

Yongliang Zhang,Lu Zhan,Zhenming Xu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.04.008

摘要： Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have accounted for most of the lighting market as the technology matures and costs continue to reduce. As a new type of e-waste, LED is a double-edged sword, as it contains not only precious and rare metals but also organic packaging materials. In previous studies, LED recycling focused on recovering precious and strategic metals while ignoring harmful substances such as organic packaging materials. Unlike crushing and other traditional methods, hydrothermal treatment can provide an environment-friendly process for decomposing packaging materials. This work developed a closed reaction vessel, where the degradation rate of plastic polyphthalamide (PPA) was close to 100%, with nano-TiO2 encapsulated in plastic PPA being efficiently recovered, while metals contained in LED were also recycled efficiently. Besides, the role of water in plastic PPA degradation that has been overlooked in current studies was explored and speculated in detail in this work. Environmental impact assessment revealed that the proposed recycling route for waste LED could significantly reduce the overall environmental impact compared to the currently published processes. Especially the developed method could reduce more than half the impact of global warming. Furthermore, this research provides a theoretical basis and a promising method for recycling other plastic-packaged e-waste devices, such as integrated circuits.

关键词： Waste LED     Hydrothermal treatment     Recycling     Plastic PPA degradation     Packaging materials    

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/silk fibroin-cellulose acetate composite film for efficient photodegradation of dyes under visible light

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第11期   页码 1765-1775 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2323-y

摘要： A stable and recyclable of BiOBr/silk fibroin-cellulose acetate composite film was prepared by blending-wet phase transformation and in situ precipitate technology. The cellulose acetate film modified by silk fibroin formed a finger-shaped porous structure, which provided a large space for the uniform growth of BiOBr nanosheets and facilitated the shuttle flow of dyes in film. The morphology, phase structure, and optical properties of the composite films were characterized using various techniques, and their photocatalytic performance for dye wastewater was evaluated under visible light irradiation. Results showed that the BiOBr/SF-CA composite film exhibited efficient photocatalytic activity with 99.9% of rhodamine B degradation rate. Moreover, the composite film maintained high catalytic stability because Bi as the active species deposited on the film showed almost no loss. Finally, the possible photocatalytic mechanisms in the BiOBr/SF-CA composite film were speculated through radical-trapping experiments and electron spin resonance testing.

关键词： BiOBr nanosheet     cellulose acetate     silk fibroin     photocatalytic degradation     dye wastewater    

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bismuth oxyiodide with highly exposed (110) facets on curved carbon nitride for the photocatalytic degradation

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第7期   页码 1125-1138 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2116-0

摘要： Crystalline materials with specific facet atomic arrangements and crystal facet structures exhibit unique functions according to their facet effects, quantum size effects and physical and chemical properties. In this study, a novel high-exposure (110) facet of bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) was prepared (denoted as BiOI-110), and designed as nanosheets rich in oxygen vacancies by crystal facet design and regulation. Graphitic carbon nitride was designed as curved carbon nitride with dibromopyrazine, denoted as DCN, which contributed to a significant structural distortion in plane symmetry and improved the separation of charge carriers. Novel heterostructured BiOI-110/DCN nanosheets with a high-exposure (110) facet and abundant oxygen vacancies were successfully designed to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. It was demonstrated that complete and tight contact between BiOI-110 and DCN was achieved by changing the size and crystal facet of BiOI. Oxytetracycline (OTC) and methyl blue dyes were used as targets for pollutant degradation, and 85.6% and 96.5% photocatalytic degradation efficiencies, respectively, were observed in the optimal proportion of 7% BiOI-110/DCN. The experimental results and electron spin resonance analysis showed that •O2– and h+ played a major role in the process of pollutant degradation. Additionally, high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrography was used to identify the reaction intermediates of OTC, and the possible degradation pathway of this pollutant was proposed. Finally, the excellent reusability of BiOI-110/DCN nanomaterials was confirmed, providing a new approach for the removal of antibiotics that are difficult to biodegrade. Overall, crystal facet design has been proven to have broad prospects in improving the water environment.

关键词： high-exposure (110) facet     oxygen vacancy-rich     BiOI-110/DCN heterojunction     photocatalytic degradation     visible-light-response    

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Toward better understanding vacuum ultraviolet–iodide induced photolysis via hydrogen peroxide formation, iodine species change, and difluoroacetic acid degradation

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1489-0

摘要：

• UV/VUV/I– induces substantial H2O2 and IO3– formation, but UV/I– does not.

关键词： Vacuum ultraviolet     Hydrogen peroxide     Iodate     Hydroxyl radical     Redox transition    

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固态照明系统中颜色维持率的研究进展 Review

Maryam Yazdan Mehr, Willem Dirk van Driel, 张国旗

《工程（英文）》 2015年 第1卷 第2期   页码 170-178 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015035

摘要：

本文全面回顾了固态照明 (SSL) 系统中颜色维持率 (也称颜色漂移) 的研究进展。首先介绍了颜色漂移及实际生产工艺中的颜色漂移实例，然后阐释了固态照明系统中不同部分的老化机制。通过对LED 产品中透镜/密封件所用的各种材料的介绍， 探讨了这些材料对颜色漂移的促进作用。本文还就行业对光通维持率的定义标准化、表征描述与预测所做的工作进行了简单的回顾。

关键词： LED，颜色漂移，光通量衰减，流明衰减    

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Photocatalysis: from solar light to hydrogen energy

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 565-567 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0784-6

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A novel light fluctuation spectrum method for in-line particle sizing

Shouxuan QIN, Xiaoshu CAI, Li MA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 89-97 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0176-z

摘要： This paper discusses two problems in in-line particle sizing when using light fluctuation method. First, by retrieving the ratio of particle concentrations at different time, the intensity of incident light is obtained. There exists narrow error between the calculated and pre-detected value of the intensity of incident light. Secondly, by combining spectrum analysis with Gregory’s theory, a multi-sub-size zone model is proposed, with which the relationship between the distribution of turbidity and the particle size distribution (PSD) can be established, and an algorithm developed to determine the distribution of turbidity. Experiments conducted in the laboratory indicate that the measured size distribution of pulverized coal conforms well with the imaging result.

关键词： in-line measurement     particle size distribution (PSD)     incident light intensity     particle concentration     light fluctuation    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

An industrial solution to light-induced degradation of crystalline silicon solar cells

Meng XIE,Changrui REN,Liming FU,Xiaodong QIU,Xuegong YU,Deren YANG

期刊论文

Light-induced variation in environmentally persistent free radicals and the generation of reactive radical

Yafang Shi, Yunchao Dai, Ziwen Liu, Xiaofeng Nie, Song Zhao, Chi Zhang, Hanzhong Jia

期刊论文

Influence of construction-induced damage on the degradation of freeze–thawed lightweight cellular concrete

期刊论文

Bacterial inactivation, DNA damage, and faster ATP degradation induced by ultraviolet disinfection

Chao Yang, Wenjun Sun, Xiuwei Ao

期刊论文

One-pot hydrothermal fabrication of BiVO/FeO/rGO composite photocatalyst for the simulated solar light-drivendegradation of Rhodamine B

期刊论文

可见光引发的3D 生物打印技术及其生物墨水材料在组织工程领域的研究进展

郑子卓, David Eglin, Mauro Alini, Geoff R. Richards, 秦岭, 赖毓霄

期刊论文

ZnFe2O4/BiVO4 Z-scheme heterojunction for efficient visible-light photocatalyticdegradation of ciprofloxacin

期刊论文

Degradation of Azo dye direct black BN based on adsorption and microwave-induced catalytic reaction

Shanshan Ding, Wen Huang, Shaogui Yang, Danjun Mao, Julong Yuan, Yuxuan Dai, Jijie Kong, Cheng Sun, Huan He, Shiyin Li, Limin Zhang

期刊论文

Multi-Component Resource Recycling from Waste Light-Emitting Diode Under Hydrothermal Condition: PlasticPackage Degradation, Speciation of Nano-TiO2, and Environmental Impact Assessment

Yongliang Zhang,Lu Zhan,Zhenming Xu,

期刊论文

/silk fibroin-cellulose acetate composite film for efficient photodegradation of dyes under visible light

期刊论文

bismuth oxyiodide with highly exposed (110) facets on curved carbon nitride for the photocatalytic degradation

期刊论文

Toward better understanding vacuum ultraviolet–iodide induced photolysis via hydrogen peroxide formation, iodine species change, and difluoroacetic acid degradation

期刊论文

固态照明系统中颜色维持率的研究进展

Maryam Yazdan Mehr, Willem Dirk van Driel, 张国旗

期刊论文

Photocatalysis: from solar light to hydrogen energy

期刊论文

A novel light fluctuation spectrum method for in-line particle sizing

Shouxuan QIN, Xiaoshu CAI, Li MA

期刊论文